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Japanese smokers who believe that consuming 'light' or 'mild' cigarette brands
will substantially reduce their nicotine intake are being misled, according to
an article published today in BMC Public Health. Smokers who switch to these
brands need to be made aware that the health risks are still substantial.
Smokers
that switch to cigarette brands that yield 0.1 mg nicotine from those that yield
1.1mg, might expect their nicotine intake to reduce by eleven-fold. Yet Atsuko
Nakazawa and her colleagues from Kyoto discount
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First Red Cross
Hospital discovered that the actual reduction in nicotine intake was less than
two-fold.
The researchers assessed the nicotine dependence of 458
smokers, and questioned them about their smoking habits. To investigate the
smokers' nicotine intake, the researchers measured the concentration of the
nicotine metabolite, cotinine, in the smokers' urine.
They found that
people who smoke over 40 cigarettes per day would hardly reduce their nicotine
intake at all by switching to 'mild' brands.
"Smokers who are heavily
dependent on nicotine obtain no advantage by smoking low-yield cigarettes," said
Nakazawa. She suggests that these smokers "may actually increase their risk due
to compensatory behaviour," by inhaling more carbon monoxide or tar through
taking more puffs per cigarette, or increasing the depth of their
inhalation.
"Current labelling practices are misleading for the
two-thirds http://www.ez-cigarettes.com/tobacco/discount_cigaretts.html
of smokers who are moderately or highly dependent on nicotine," write
the researchers. They stress that the amount of nicotine in the cigarettes, as
stated on the packet, does not correspond directly to the amount of nicotine
consumed.
Although previous studies have shown that low-yield cigarettes
can be just as hazardous as regular brands, evidence in Japanese smokers is
still scarce. Furthermore, an attempt in 2002 by the Ministry of Health, Labour
and Welfare in Japan to raise awareness of the fact that actual nicotine yields
are higher than those stated on packets was hindered by tobacco companies who
refuted these claims in a broad advertising campaign.
Communicating the
hazards of low-yield cigarettes is clearly important in Japan where over 50% of
men smoke, and the majority of smokers choose 'mild' or 'light' brands.
This press release is based on the following article:
Smoking cigarettes of low nicotine
yield does not reduce nicotine intake as expected: a study of nicotine
dependency in Japanese males A Nakazawa, M Shigeta, K Ozasa BMC Public Health
2004, 4:28 To Discount cigarettes
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Upon publication, this article will be available free of charge
according to BMC Public Health's Open Access policy at
http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/4/28/.
Please quote the journal
in any stories you write, and link to the article if you are writing for the
web.
For further information contact Atsuko Nakazawa by email at
aak83071@pop21.odn.ne.jp or by phone on +81 75 533 1272
Alternatively,
or for more information about the journal or Open Access publishing, contact
Gemma Bradley by email at press@biomedcentral.com or by phone on
44-0-20-7631-9931.
BMC Public Health
(http://www.biomedcentral.com/bmcpublichealth) is published by BioMed Central
(http://www.biomedcentral.com), an independent online
publishing house committed to providing Open Access to peer-reviewed biological
and medical research. This commitment is based on the view that immediate free
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